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Monitoring corrosion of reinforcement in concrete structures via fiber Bragg grating sensors

Zhupeng ZHENG, Xiaoning SUN, Ying LEI

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2009年 第4卷 第3期   页码 316-319 doi: 10.1007/s11465-009-0040-y

摘要： Corrosion of steel and rebar in concrete structures is one of the most frequent reasons for civil infrastructure failures. Thus, improving the effective corrosion sensor technology can greatly reduce cost and provide safe structures with long service lives. However, assessing the corrosion condition of rebars is not simple because they are buried in concrete. In this paper, using fiber Bragg grating (FBG), a corrosion sensor for monitoring steel rebars embedded in a concrete structure is developed and validated by experiments. Based on the fact that the volume and diameter of a rebar embedded in concrete will enlarge due to corrosion, an FBG packaged with fiber-reinforced plastics (FRP) is wrapped on the steel bar. During corrosion, the increase in the bar diameter leads to the increase in fiber strain, which can be measured by the shift of the wavelength of FBG. Performances of the corrosion sensor are validated by accelerating corrosion in lab experiments. The corrosion sensor is embedded in a concrete specimen put in a 5% sodium chloride solution with a constant current. Experimental results show that the corrosion sensor can monitor the concurrence of corrosion of rebars in concrete. The corrosion extent can be quantitatively evaluated through the change in the wavelength of FBG. Therefore, the corrosion sensor developed in this paper is feasible for monitoring the early corrosion of rebars in concrete.

关键词： fiber Bragg grating (FBG)     corrosion     concrete structures     accelerated corrosion test    

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Accelerated life-time test of MEA durability under vehicle operating conditions in PEM fuel cell

Tian TIAN, Jianjun TANG, Wei GUO, Mu PAN

《能源前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第3期   页码 326-333 doi: 10.1007/s11708-017-0489-z

摘要： In this paper, a novel accelerated test method was proposed to analyze the durability of MEA, considering the actual operation of the fuel cell vehicle. The proposed method includes 7 working conditions: open circuit voltage (OCV), idling, rated output, overload, idling-rated cycle, idling-overload cycle, and OCV-idling cycle. The experimental results indicate that the proposed method can effectively destroy the MEA in a short time (165 h). Moreover, the degradation mechanism of MEA was analyzed by measuring the polarization curve, CV, SEM and TEM. This paper may provide a new research direction for improving the durability of fuel cell.

关键词： polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell     accelerated life-time test     load cycling test     durability    

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Erratum to: Determination of cut-off time of accelerated aging test under temperature stress for LED

Jian Hao, Lei Jing, Hong-liang Ke, Yao Wang, Qun Gao, Xiao-xun Wang, Qiang Sun, Zhi-jun Xu,sunq@ciomp.ac.cn

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第18卷 第10期   页码 1678-1678 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.15e0483

摘要： Erratum to: , 2017 18(8):1197-1204. doi:

关键词： LED lamp     Accelerated aging test     Medium lifetime     Moving average error    

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Pretest analysis of shake table response of a two-span steel girder bridge incorporating accelerated

Elmira SHOUSHTARI, M. Saiid SAIIDI, Ahmad ITANI, Mohamed A. MOUSTAFA

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第1期   页码 169-184 doi: 10.1007/s11709-019-0590-y

摘要： This paper presents pretest analysis of a shake table test model of a 0.35-scale, two-span, steel plate girder bridge. The objective of pretest analysis was to obtain an insight on the seismic response of the bridge model during the shake table tests. The bridge included seat type abutments, full-depth precast deck panels, and a two-column bent in which columns were pinned to the footing and integral with superstructure. Six accelerated bridge construction connections were incorporated in the bridge model. An analytical model was developed in OpenSees and was subjected to ten input bi-directional earthquake motions including near-fault and far-field records. The overall seismic response of the bridge was satisfactory for all the earthquake records at 100%, 150%, and 200% design level. All connections and capacity-protected components remained elastic, and the average ductility capacity surpassed the ductility demand even at 200% design level. Using experimental fragility curves developed for RC bridge columns, it was predicted that there was a probability of 45% that columns would undergo the imminent failure in the last run and a probability of 30% for their failure.

关键词： shake table test     accelerated bridge construction     steel girder bridge     OpenSEES     UHPC     simple for dead continuous for live    

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基于风险分析的可靠性指标加速验证方法研究

张辉睿

《中国工程科学》 2015年 第17卷 第5期   页码 31-37

摘要：

传统的可靠性验证试验由于一般在使用条件下进行，且只利用失效数据进行判定，往往需要大量的时间和费用。这对于高可靠长寿命船舶设备可靠性指标的验证是不可接受的。本文提出一种基于风险分析的可靠性指标加速验证方法，该方法利用退化数据进行分析，在试验风险可接受的条件下提前截止试验，得出验证结果。同时，利用高环境应力可以加速退化过程，进一步减少试验时间。本文具体给出了分析和计算提前截止试验和利用高应力进行试验产生的额外风险的方法，保证了验证结果的真实可靠。最后利用案例证实了该方法在减少验证试验时间上的有效性。

关键词： 退化数据；加速验证试验；可靠性验证；风险分析；优化设计    

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LED灯具温度应力加速老化截止时间的确定 Article

Jian HAO, Lei JING, Hong-liang KE, Yao WANG, Qun GAO, Xiao-xun WANG, Qiang SUN, Zhi-jun XU

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第18卷 第10期   页码 1678-1678 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1500483

摘要： 在LED灯具加速老化过程中，为获得最小截止时间，对其寿命进行快速预估，本文采用5阶滑动平均误差方法分析数据。选用同批次的16个样本，分别进行80℃和85℃应力条件下的加速老化。首先，采用e指数对光通维持率进行拟合，获得每个灯具的加速寿命，进而采用威布尔分布对加速寿命进行拟合，获得中位寿命。其次，采用平均滑动误差方法，可获取不同截止时间下中位寿命预估误差。结果表明：加速老化过程中，存在最小截止时间，该时间可通过滑动平均误差和截止时间的关系确定；当截止时间小于该值时，寿命预估不合理；寿命预估误差随截止时间增加而逐渐减小。对于该类LED灯具，80℃时最小截止时间为1104小时，寿命预估误差为1.15%；85℃时最小截止时间为936小时，寿命预估误差为1.24%。当寿命估计误差约为0.46％时，80 ℃和85 ℃对应的中位寿命分别为7310小时和4598小时。

关键词： LED灯具；加速老化测试；中位寿命；滑动平均误差    

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On corrosion to stainless steel by calcium chloride with different extender

Lv XU, Yuanyang HU, Liwei WANG, Ruzhu WANG,

《能源前沿（英文）》 2010年 第4卷 第2期   页码 181-184 doi: 10.1007/s11708-009-0065-2

摘要： A calcium chloride solution with a different extender, which is made up of either pure calcium chloride, calcium chloride with expanded graphite, or calcium chloride with activated carbon, acts differently on stainless steel. The mass ratio between calcium chloride with expanded graphite or activated carbon is almost 4∶1, which is demonstrated to be the optimum ratio. The experimental research in this paper reveals that, of the three solutions, which are pure calcium chloride, calcium chloride with expanded graphite, and calcium chloride with activated carbon, the strongest oxidation creation and pitting corrosion happened in the solution of calcium chloride with expanded graphite, the weakest oxidation creation happened in the solution of calcium chloride with activated carbon, and pitting corrosion was stronger than oxidation creation in the solution of pure calcium chloride. This paper gives the reasons for these phenomena. Furthermore, based on theory analysis, multiple means and approaches are provided to prevent stainless steel from further corroding.

关键词： stainless steel     corrosion     calcium chloride     expanded graphite     activated carbon     oxidation creation     pitting corrosion    

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Corrosion mechanisms of candidate structural materials for supercritical water-cooled reactor

Lefu ZHANG, Fawen ZHU, Rui TANG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第2期   页码 233-240 doi: 10.1007/s11708-009-0024-y

摘要： Nickel-based alloys, austenitic stainless steel, ferritic/martensitic heat-resistant steels, and oxide dispersion strengthened steel are presently considered to be the candidate structural or fuel-cladding materials for supercritical water-cooled reactor (SCWR), one of the promising generation IV reactor for large-scale electric power production. However, corrosion and stress corrosion cracking of these candidate alloys still remain to be a major problem in the selection of nuclear fuel cladding and other structural materials, such as water rod. Survey of literature and experimental results reveal that the general corrosion mechanism of those candidate materials exhibits quite complicated mechanism in high-temperature and high-pressure supercritical water. Formation of a stable protective oxide film is the key to the best corrosion-resistant alloys. This paper focuses on the mechanism of corrosion oxide film breakdown for SCWR candidate materials.

关键词： supercritical water-cooled reactor     general corrosion     oxide film     corrosion mechanism    

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Corrosion behavior of metallic alloys in molten chloride salts for thermal energy storage in concentrated

Wenjin Ding, Alexander Bonk, Thomas Bauer

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第3期   页码 564-576 doi: 10.1007/s11705-018-1720-0

摘要：

Recently, more and more attention is paid on applications of molten chlorides in concentrated solar power (CSP) plants as high-temperature thermal energy storage (TES) and heat transfer fluid (HTF) materials due to their high thermal stability limits and low prices, compared to the commercial TES/HTF materials in CSP-nitrate salt mixtures. A higher TES/HTF operating temperature leads to higher efficiency of thermal to electrical energy conversion of the power block in CSP, however causes additional challenges, particularly increased corrosiveness of metallic alloys used as containers and structural materials. Thus, it is essential to study corrosion behaviors and mechanisms of metallic alloys in molten chlorides at operating temperatures (500–800 °C) for realizing the commercial application of molten chlorides in CSP. The results of studies on hot corrosion of metallic alloys in molten chlorides are reviewed to understand their corrosion behaviors and mechanisms under various conditions (e.g., temperature, atmosphere). Emphasis has also been given on salt purification to reduce corrosive impurities in molten chlorides and development of electrochemical techniques to in-situ monitor corrosive impurities in molten chlorides, in order to efficiently control corrosion rates of metallic alloys in molten chlorides to meet the requirements of industrial applications.

关键词： corrosion mechanisms     impurities     metallic corrosion     salt purification     electrochemical techniques    

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Synergistic effects of sodium hypochlorite disinfection and iron-oxidizing bacteria on early corrosion

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1506-3

摘要：

• The early corrosion process in the cast iron pipes was investigated.

关键词： Cast iron pipe corrosion     Drinking water distribution systems     Chlorine disinfection     Iron-oxidizing bacteria     Coupling effects    

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我国腐蚀管理体系研究

马秀敏,朱桂雨,路东柱,段继周,侯保荣

《中国工程科学》 2022年 第24卷 第1期   页码 190-197 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2022.01.020

摘要：

腐蚀管理关乎安全生产，关乎国民经济，关乎生态文明，关乎资源节约和国家建设。虽然少数行业在腐蚀管理方面已经进行了一些卓有成效的探索和实践，但是总体上腐蚀管理在我国发展十分不平衡，存在着腐蚀管理意识薄弱、专业人才短缺和管理系统不健全等问题。因此，有必要进一步明确腐蚀管理的内涵，明确我国腐蚀管理体系化发展的基本要求，推动腐蚀管理体系化持续健康发展。本文基于中国工程院重点咨询项目“我国腐蚀管理状况与对策战略研究”主要研究成果，阐述了腐蚀管理的内涵及体系化发展的重要意义，分析了我国腐蚀管理的现状及问题，总结提出了腐蚀管理体系基本框架及管理要点，提出了将腐蚀管理纳入国家安全战略，成立腐蚀管理战略研究常设机构；加强腐蚀学科建设，强化人才战略；建立健全腐蚀防护相关法规标准，强化标准意识；加强腐蚀数据库建设，畅通沟通渠道；搭建腐蚀管理信息及大数据交流平台，打造共享管理新模式等对策建议。

关键词： 腐蚀管理，腐蚀管理体系，腐蚀防护，腐蚀控制，腐蚀安全    

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A new procedure combining GC-MS with accelerated solvent extraction for the analysis of phthalic acid

Tingting MA, Ying TENG, Peter CHRISTIE, Yongming LUO, Yongshan CHEN, Mao YE, Yujuan HUANG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第1期   页码 31-42 doi: 10.1007/s11783-012-0463-2

摘要： An optimized procedure based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) combined with accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) is developed for the analysis of six phthalic acid esters (PAEs), which are priority soil pollutants nominated by United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). Quantification of PAEs in soil employs ultrasonic extraction (UE) (USEPA 3550) and ASE (USEPA 3545), followed by clean up procedures involving three different chromatography columns and two combined elution methods. GC-MS conditions under selected ion monitoring (SIM) mode are described and quality assurance and quality control (QA/QC) criteria with high accuracy and sensitivity for target analytes were achieved. Method reliability is assured with the use of an isotopically labeled PAE, di- -butyl phthalate-d4 (DnBP-D4), as a surrogate, and benzyl benzoate (BB) as an internal standard, and with the analysis of certified reference materials (CRM). QA/QC for the developed procedure was tested in four PAE-spiked soils and one PAE-contaminated soil. The four spiked soils were originated from typical Chinese agricultural fields and the contaminated soil was obtained from an electronic waste dismantling area. Instrument detection limits (IDLs) for the six PAEs ranged 0.10–0.31 μg·L and method detection limits (MDLs) of the four spiked soils varied from a range of 20–70 μg·kg to a range of 90– 290 μg·kg . Linearity of response between 20 μg·L and 2 mg·L was also established and the correlation coefficients ( ) were all>0.998. Spiked soil matrix showed relative recovery rates between 75 and 120% for the six target compounds and about 93% for the surrogate substance. The developed procedure is anticipated to be highly applicable for field surveys of soil PAE pollution in China.

关键词： phthalic acid esters     quality assurance and quality control     soil type     accelerated solvent extraction     certified reference materials    

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Synthesis of mono and bis-4-methylpiperidiniummethyl-urea as corrosion inhibitors for steel in acidic

Abbas TEIMOURI, Nasrin SOLTANI, Alireza Najafi CHERMAHINI

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第1期   页码 43-50 doi: 10.1007/s11705-010-0532-7

摘要： Mono and bis-4-methylpiperidiniummethyl urea were synthesized, characterized and used as new corrosion inhibitors of mild steel in the acidic media. Inhibitory effect of two compounds on mild steel surface in the 1 mol·L sulphuric acid has been studied by a series of techniques, such as potentiodynamic polarization, weight loss and quantum chemical calculation methods. Potentiodynamic polarization measurements showed that two inhibitors are mixed type. All measurements showed that inhibition efficiencies enhanced with increase of inhibitor concentration. This reveals that inhibitive actions of inhibitors were mainly due to adsorption on mild steel surface. Density functional (DFT) calculations have been carried out for the title compounds by performing HF and DFT levels of theory using the standard 6-31G* basis set.

关键词： corrosion inhibitors     mild steel     acidic medium     theoretical studies     DFT    

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Corrosion behavior of Fe–Cr–Ni based alloys exposed to molten MgCl2–KCl–NaCl salt with over-addedMg corrosion inhibitor

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第10期   页码 1608-1619 doi: 10.1007/s11705-023-2349-1

摘要： MgCl2–NaCl–KCl salts mixture shows great potential as a high-temperature (> 700 °C) thermal energy storage material in next-generation concentrated solar power plants. Adding Mg into molten MgCl2–NaCl–KCl salt as a corrosion inhibitor is one of the most effective and cost-effective methods to mitigate the molten salt corrosion of commercial Fe–Cr–Ni alloys. However, it is found in this work that both stainless steel 310 and Incoloy 800H samples were severely corroded after 500 h immersion test at 700 °C when the alloy samples directly contacted with the over-added Mg in the liquid form. The corrosion attack is different from the classical impurity-driven corrosion in molten chloride salts found in previous work. Microscopic analysis indicates that Ni preferentially leaches out of alloy matrix due to the tendency to form MgNi2/Mg2Ni compounds. The Ni-depletion leads to the formation of a porous corrosion layer on both alloys, with the thickness around 204 µm (stainless steel 310) and 1300 µm (Incoloy 800H), respectively. These results suggest that direct contact of liquid Mg with Ni-containing alloys should be avoided during using Mg as a corrosion inhibitor for MgCl2–NaCl–KCl or other chlorides for high temperature heat storage and transfer.

关键词： concentrated solar power (CSP)     Mg corrosion inhibitor     Mg–Ni intermetallic     salt purification     thermal energy storage (TES)    

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Precast steel–UHPC lightweight composite bridge for accelerated bridge construction

Shuwen DENG, Xudong SHAO, Xudong ZHAO, Yang WANG, Yan WANG

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第2期   页码 364-377 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0702-3

摘要： In this study, a fully precast steel–ultrahigh performance concrete (UHPC) lightweight composite bridge (LWCB) was proposed based on Mapu Bridge, aiming at accelerating construction in bridge engineering. Cast-in-place joints are generally the controlling factor of segmental structures. Therefore, an innovative girder-to-girder joint that is suitable for LWCB was developed. A specimen consisting of two prefabricated steel–UHPC composite girder parts and one post-cast joint part was fabricated to determine if the joint can effectively transfer load between girders. The flexural behavior of the specimen under a negative bending moment was explored. Finite element analyses of Mapu Bridge showed that the nominal stress of critical sections could meet the required stress, indicating that the design is reasonable. The fatigue performance of the UHPC deck was assessed based on past research, and results revealed that the fatigue performance could meet the design requirements. Based on the test results, a crack width prediction method for the joint interface, a simplified calculation method for the design moment, and a deflection calculation method for the steel–UHPC composite girder in consideration of the UHPC tensile stiffness effect were presented. Good agreements were achieved between the predicted values and test results.

关键词： accelerated bridge construction     ultrahigh-performance concrete     steel–UHPC composite bridge     UHPC girder-to-girder joint    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Monitoring corrosion of reinforcement in concrete structures via fiber Bragg grating sensors

Zhupeng ZHENG, Xiaoning SUN, Ying LEI

期刊论文

Accelerated life-time test of MEA durability under vehicle operating conditions in PEM fuel cell

Tian TIAN, Jianjun TANG, Wei GUO, Mu PAN

期刊论文

Erratum to: Determination of cut-off time of accelerated aging test under temperature stress for LED

Jian Hao, Lei Jing, Hong-liang Ke, Yao Wang, Qun Gao, Xiao-xun Wang, Qiang Sun, Zhi-jun Xu,sunq@ciomp.ac.cn

期刊论文

Pretest analysis of shake table response of a two-span steel girder bridge incorporating accelerated

Elmira SHOUSHTARI, M. Saiid SAIIDI, Ahmad ITANI, Mohamed A. MOUSTAFA

期刊论文

基于风险分析的可靠性指标加速验证方法研究

张辉睿

期刊论文

LED灯具温度应力加速老化截止时间的确定

Jian HAO, Lei JING, Hong-liang KE, Yao WANG, Qun GAO, Xiao-xun WANG, Qiang SUN, Zhi-jun XU

期刊论文

On corrosion to stainless steel by calcium chloride with different extender

Lv XU, Yuanyang HU, Liwei WANG, Ruzhu WANG,

期刊论文

Corrosion mechanisms of candidate structural materials for supercritical water-cooled reactor

Lefu ZHANG, Fawen ZHU, Rui TANG

期刊论文

Corrosion behavior of metallic alloys in molten chloride salts for thermal energy storage in concentrated

Wenjin Ding, Alexander Bonk, Thomas Bauer

期刊论文

Synergistic effects of sodium hypochlorite disinfection and iron-oxidizing bacteria on early corrosion

期刊论文

我国腐蚀管理体系研究

马秀敏,朱桂雨,路东柱,段继周,侯保荣

期刊论文

A new procedure combining GC-MS with accelerated solvent extraction for the analysis of phthalic acid

Tingting MA, Ying TENG, Peter CHRISTIE, Yongming LUO, Yongshan CHEN, Mao YE, Yujuan HUANG

期刊论文

Synthesis of mono and bis-4-methylpiperidiniummethyl-urea as corrosion inhibitors for steel in acidic

Abbas TEIMOURI, Nasrin SOLTANI, Alireza Najafi CHERMAHINI

期刊论文

Corrosion behavior of Fe–Cr–Ni based alloys exposed to molten MgCl2–KCl–NaCl salt with over-addedMg corrosion inhibitor

期刊论文

Precast steel–UHPC lightweight composite bridge for accelerated bridge construction

Shuwen DENG, Xudong SHAO, Xudong ZHAO, Yang WANG, Yan WANG

期刊论文